Borobudur Ancient Lake Site

A hypothesis about the existence of a Borobudur lake was first introduced by Nieuwenkamp (1931). He speculated about the relationship of Borobudur Temple with the surrounding lakes. Borobudur temple, where Buddhist embodiment is born into this world, is a large building, which Nieuwenkamp described as a lotus flower floating in the middle of a lake. Evidence of the lake environment that formed around Borobudur Temple is found in sandy siltstone and brown-black clay , which contains pollen of marsh plant communities, fossils, and swamp gas. The lake was very large but has now dried as a result of landform changes caused by volcanic eruptions and tectonic activity. The existence of Borobudur lake in the past is still evident in toponyms and in community livelihoods. Borobudur as Cultural Landscape Local Communities Initiatives for the Evolutive Conservation of Pusaka Saujana Borobudur