Biodiversity of Endophytic Bacteria and Their Antagonistic Activity to Rhizoctonia Solani and Fusarium Oxysporium

Understanding plant microflora interaction and their diversity as phyloplant and rhizoplant bacteria, 153 endophytic bacteria had been isolated from 67 plant species. The plant samples gathered from agriculture area and next to riparian tropical forest in slope of Salak mount area, West Java, Indonesia. Three bacterial strains (ES05, ES36, and ES78) showed the highest suppression to Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn 1858, and their suppressive ability was about 69% higher than that of control. The bacteria were isolated from part plant of Ageratum conyzoides, Camellia sinensis and Ficus benyamina, respectively. In the second step of exertion, the screened strains were showed their ability to suppress R. solani growth in range of 16-60% in potatoes dextrose agar (PDA) medium, and 5-70% in nutrient agar (NA) medium. Five strains (ES50, ES69, ES79, ES120, and ES145) have negative effect to restrain R. solani growth in NA medium. Nine of the selected strains inhibited Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht growth in the range of 10-47% in PDA medium, and 12 of them inhibited F. oxysporum growth in range 5-35% in NA medium. Five strains (ES05, ES79, ES83, ES91, and ES145) did not restrain F. oxysporum in PDA medium, while two others strain (ES50 and ES145) did not either in NA medium. Twenty-one bacterial strains gained from nineteen plant species were tested qualitatively for antibiotics vocation, and only 7 strains (ES42, ES50, ES78, ES81, ES82, ES83, and ES91) produced iturin, one strain (ES79) produced surfactin, while other three strains (ES17, ES81 and ES145) produced chitinase. Thirty-three isolates were successfully identified based on 16S rDNA sequences which had high homology examination refer to DNA Data Bank of Japan. Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture & Health Science, Vol. 2, No. 4. Hal. 111-118 ISSN 2319-5584