Community Participation in Coral Reef Management and Conservation Program: a Review of Co-Management Concept

Co-management and community-based management concepts are the new management techniques in natural resources management that arose in mid 1980s. These approaches are not only a developing country phenomenon; they are also being utilized in developed countries such as Australia, Norway, Japan and the United States. However, the co-management concept has developed more widely than community-based management, with a number of partnerships between communities and resources management agencies. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and review the implementation of co-management concept of coral reefs and conservation programs in Indonesia. It is argued that the initiative of co-management is an appropriate model for effective coral reef management at the local level. However, the success of co-management of coral reefs at the national level is depended on the integrated action, coordination, support and facilitation from central government. This includes: restructuring government institutions, regulations, data and research management and appropriate system for monitoring and controlling of coral reef and it associated ecosystems. Jurnal Lingkungan dan Pembangunan, Vol. 25, No. 2.