Efek Ekstrak Air Dan Alkohol Pada Siwak (Salvadora Persica L.) Terhadap Peningkatan Aktivitas Dan Kapasitas Sel Makrofag

This research was conducted to observe immunomodulator properties by in vitro assay of water and alcohol extracts of siwak(Salvadora persica L.) had been done by observing Specific Phagositosis Activity (SPA) and Index Phagositosis (IP) of mice peritonium macrophage cells level induced by S. epidermidis bacteria. Each extracts was tested at various concentration in logarithmic order (0.1, 1.0, 10.0 and 1000 μg), and Echinae extract (1000 μg) and distilled water had been used as positive and negative control, respectively. The results showed the remarkable phagocytosis activity (SPA) and Index Phagocytosis (IP) of water and alcohol extracts at various concentration of 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 and 1000 μg/mL on S. epidermidis bacteria and gave different significantly from the number of phagocytosis bacteria by macrophage cells compared to positive and negative control. And the extract in higher dose (1000 μg/ml) had higher SPA and IP compared to negative control (>50%). Almost all tested extracts resulted in increasing SPA (62 – 95%) and IP (625 – 955), respectively. Increasing of the doses administration caused in the increasing of SPA and IP level in straight proportion. Alcohol extract also resulted in better SPA and IP level compared to water extract. All tested extracts at 1000 μg/ml concentration enhance the SPA and IP level. Water extract enhanced SPA and IP at the level of 57.7 and 76.1%, while alcohol extract enhanced 82,7% and 90,2% compare to negative control, respectively. The efective of SPA and IP of the tested extracts as imunostimulant was in low dose (0 – 100 µg), but administration of extract in higher doses (100- 1000 µg) indicated imunorestoration tendency, especially on water extract. Doses of extract administration resulted in significant difference (P<0.05) of SPA and IP. Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol. 22 No. 1. P: 38-44.