The Utilization of Citric Acid as an Environmentally Friendly of Chemical Modification Agent of the Lignocellulosic Materials: a Review

The environmental issues demand the development of environmentally friendly chemical substances for the modification of lignocellulosic materials. Citric acid is known as a non-toxic chemical substance that obtained from the natural resources such as citrus fruits. Commonly, citric acid is used in the preparation of many industrial products. Nowadays, citric acid as a polycarboxylic acid is the promising alternative raw material to replace the harmful synthetic chemical agents in many applications with lignocellulose material such as cotton fabric production, wood preservation, an adhesive of wood-based products, starch films, super absorbent. Reactivity of carboxylic groups of citric acid and hydroxyl groups of lignocellulose materials leads to improve the properties of products from lignocellulose materials. Journal of Lignocellulose Technology, Vol. 02. Hal. 1-7